The rapid development of financial technologies and the widespread use of cryptocurrencies, while offering economic and innovative advantages, have simultaneously created fertile ground for sophisticated crimes such as money laundering, cyber fraud, terrorist financing, and tax evasion. Characteristics such as user anonymity, cross-border transactions, and the absence of centralized oversight highlight the necessity of rethinking Iran’s criminal policy in this domain. This study, conducted through a descriptive analytical method and grounded in Clarke’s situational crime prevention model, examines legal and institutional strategies to prevent cryptocurrency-related crimes. Findings indicate that effective prevention requires a multi-layered approach, including the enactment of transparent regulations and preemptive criminalization, the formal recognition of licensed cryptocurrency exchanges, comprehensive legislation on digital assets, the development of a national cryptocurrency, the registration and insurance of cryptocurrency ownership, and the establishment of technological and regulatory infrastructures. Furthermore, the integration of social and situational preventionparticularly through public education and the enhancement of citizens’ legal and digital literacy emerges as a necessary condition for reducing criminogenic opportunities and strengthening legal resilience against emerging digital threats. Accordingly, the integration of criminal, legislative, and social policies within a coordinated, multi-institutional framework is the only effective pathway for controlling cryptocurrency-related crimes in the Iranian legal system.